The present functional review was carried out during 2011 as part of the Iraqi Public Sector Modernisation Programme (I-PSM). The review concerns the functioning of selected areas of the national statistical system (NSS) of Iraq. Overall, the review identifies that Iraq’s historically centralized statistical organisation needs to be further adapted to the recently established federalised structure of the country in order to deliver the expected services for the benefit of a modern Iraq. The regional statistical office in the Kurdistan Region (KRSO) has sound fieldwork capacity, but is still at a formative stage in several other dimensions.